DNA Vs. RNA
Ribonucleic Acid, also known as RNA, is
large biological molecules that do different jobs in the coding, decoding,
regulation, and expression in genes. DNA and RNA are similar and different in
many different ways.
Along with DNA, the RNA comprises the nucleic acids, which, together with
proteins, makes up the three major macromolecules[1]needed for all known forms of life.
RNA is a polymer with a ribose and phosphate backbone with four different bases known as adenine,
guanine, cytosine, and uracil. While DNA is a long polymer that has a backbone
made with deoxyribose and phosphate, and is made of four different bases known
as cytosine, guanine, adenine, and thymine. The main difference between DNA and
RNA is that DNA has two double chains held in a double helix, while RNA Is
single stranded.
[1]Macromolecules: A molecule
containing a very large number of atoms.
large biological molecules that do different jobs in the coding, decoding,
regulation, and expression in genes. DNA and RNA are similar and different in
many different ways.
Along with DNA, the RNA comprises the nucleic acids, which, together with
proteins, makes up the three major macromolecules[1]needed for all known forms of life.
RNA is a polymer with a ribose and phosphate backbone with four different bases known as adenine,
guanine, cytosine, and uracil. While DNA is a long polymer that has a backbone
made with deoxyribose and phosphate, and is made of four different bases known
as cytosine, guanine, adenine, and thymine. The main difference between DNA and
RNA is that DNA has two double chains held in a double helix, while RNA Is
single stranded.
[1]Macromolecules: A molecule
containing a very large number of atoms.
Mutations
Mutations, a change in a DNA sequence, can be caused by errors in replication,
transcription, cell division, or by external agents. Mutations can affect the
reproductive cells of an organism by changing the sequence of nucleotides with
in a gene and a sperm or an egg cell. If the cell that is mutated takes part in
fertilization, the altered gene would become a part of the genetic makeup of the
offspring.
A mutation can produce a new trait, or it can result in a protein that doesn’t
work correctly. At times, the mutation may result in a protein that is
nonfunctional and the embryo wouldn’t survive. Although, other times, the
mutation may result in a positive way. However if a body cell’s DNA is changed,
it wouldn’t affect the offspring.
Damage to a gene may impair the function of a cell, and when that cell divides, the new
cells will also have the same mutation. There are 3 different types of
mutations, Point Mutation, Frameshift Mutation, and Chromosomal
Mutations.
transcription, cell division, or by external agents. Mutations can affect the
reproductive cells of an organism by changing the sequence of nucleotides with
in a gene and a sperm or an egg cell. If the cell that is mutated takes part in
fertilization, the altered gene would become a part of the genetic makeup of the
offspring.
A mutation can produce a new trait, or it can result in a protein that doesn’t
work correctly. At times, the mutation may result in a protein that is
nonfunctional and the embryo wouldn’t survive. Although, other times, the
mutation may result in a positive way. However if a body cell’s DNA is changed,
it wouldn’t affect the offspring.
Damage to a gene may impair the function of a cell, and when that cell divides, the new
cells will also have the same mutation. There are 3 different types of
mutations, Point Mutation, Frameshift Mutation, and Chromosomal
Mutations.
DNA Fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting is the verification of any person in the
world using only their specific DNA. The“Fingerprint” of one’s DNA is specific
to that person. Their DNA also shows partial matches to the family members, so
in other words your DNA is your family tree.
world using only their specific DNA. The“Fingerprint” of one’s DNA is specific
to that person. Their DNA also shows partial matches to the family members, so
in other words your DNA is your family tree.